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behaviour/program could be: go straight if you read the colour green, turn
right if you read the colour red, and turn left if you read the colour blue,
but in any case, stop if you detect an obstacle closer than 10cm.

Line following robot

Another typical example of a construction and programming exercise, often

included in many educational robotics kits, involving the use of a colour sensor on
a dual-motor and dual-wheel layout, is commonly referred to as "line following."
Essentially, the goal is to build and program a robot capable of traversing a track
by following a simple black line marked on the surface of the movement area (or
playing field). By applying the colour sensor pointed downward, it can detect
the presence or absence of the line. At this point, the exercise becomes a manual
programming challenge: you need to program a behaviour that, by adjusting the
movement of the wheels based on the line readings, enables the robot to move
along the line. This typically involves alternating curved movements forward, to
the right, and to the left, much like a dog following a scent with its nose to reach
its source.

Of course, up to this point, we have seen how to tackle various levels of complexity
while essentially keeping the robot's construction configuration unchanged.
Considering that with an average kit, completely different models can be built,
one can understand the vast potential for generating behaviours and challenges
based on individual creativity or ideas derived from curriculum programs. As an
example, it's worth noting that with the typical and widely used robotics kit
featured in the images and examples on these pages, one can build and program
a robot capable of solving the Rubik's Cube.

Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the
author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European
Education and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA). Neither the European Union nor EACEA can
be held responsible for them. Proposal number: 101087107.